Unlike the public network, its access is restricted, and because it can be “sliced” or “segmented” critical functions can be prioritised and run completely uninterrupted. This is particularly important for industrial applications, says Dritan Kaleshi, head of 5G technology at UK tech accelerator Digital Catapult. “If companies are using cellular systems to run automated robots and cranes that are co-ordinating with one another and working around people, prioritising these functions over others is extremely important,” he says.

Overall, the isolation of a private cellular network can guarantee 5G services and increase security, says Chris Allen at mobile private networking at Vodafone Business. “Historically, this hasn’t been possible because of the unpredictable nature of the general public, but with a private network we will know a company’s usage profile and can specifically dimension it to guarantee their needs,” he explains.

Vodafone, for example, has deployed a 5G private network at a gas terminal to improve productivity by ending paper processes and implementing predictive maintenance. According to Allen, the network and new processes it has enabled will save the company £5 million in one year.

It is early days for 5G private networking, with most experts estimating the sector will kick-off properly in two to three years. Right now, however, the sweet spot for deployment is with the big industrial companies, airports and ports, says Allen.

“If you are a smaller company, unless you have a very niche use-case, it’s probably not for you right now, but it will be in the future,” he concludes.